Artificial lighting in photography involves the use of non-natural light sources to illuminate the subject. This method allows photographers to have full control over the intensity, direction, and color temperature of light, enabling them to create the desired mood and highlight specific aspects of the subject. Various types of artificial lighting can be used, including strobe lights for high-intensity flashes, continuous lights for a consistent illumination, and LED panels for energy-efficient and adjustable lighting. Understanding artificial lighting is crucial for achieving professional-looking product photos with the right balance of light and shadows.